Challenges and opportunities associated with waste management. Effective swm is a major challenge in cities with high population density. Urbanwins was a threeyear eufunded project that aimed at developing and testing methods for designing and implementing ecoinnovative strategic plans for waste prevention and management in 8 pilot cities. Pdf waste disposal and pollution management in urban. National waste management strategy page 8 of 75 priority wastes identifies categories of waste that, due their risks to human health and the environment, require special waste management measures, particularly where a solution requires the involvement of multiple roleplayers. Successful approaches to recycling urban wood waste solid waste association of north america applied research program silver spring, maryland introduction urban wood waste can include sawn lumber, pruned branches, stumps, and whole trees from street and park maintenance. Solid waste can create significant health problems and a very unpleasant living environment if not disposed of safely and appropriately. How waste is generated in an urban area how lifestyle and attitudes within cities can affect the amount and type of waste being disposed of how the different approaches to waste management affect the environment introduction waste is unwanted material disposed. Provides methods for designing and managing e waste management networks in accordance with regulations, fulfilment obligations and process efficiency. These areas become childrens sources of contamination due to the incubation and proliferation of flies, mosquitoes, and rodents. Swedens waste plan, published by the swedish environmental protection agency, 54 pp. In order to manage waste, the environmental protection agency epa and the solid waste act favor an integrated solid waste management. A case study of bawku municipality nang biyogue douti1, samuel kojo abanyie1, steve ampofo1, senyo komla nyarko2 1faculty of applied sciences, university for development studies, department of earth and environmental sciences, navrongo campus, navrongo, ghana.
Methodology solid waste management for sustainable development. Since these simple landfill sites were scattered in chongqing, and could not meet the standards of environmental sanitation, chongqing has now converted to centralized disposal and has constructed standardized, modern sanitary landfills in order to improve urban solid waste disposal methods and management. The infrastructure task force itf waste programs subworkgroup community engagement strategy provides guidance on the issues to consider when planning and designing community engagement approaches for tribal integrated waste management programs. At present, landfills are the primary method of waste disposal in. A workable remedy for the environment in developing countries article pdf available in american journal of environmental sciences 61. It will also provide guidance on how to reduce waste management costs.
An environmentally sound approach for sustainable urban waste management unep. Provides methods for designing and managing ewaste management networks in accordance with regulations, fulfilment obligations and process efficiency. The urbanwaste releases a unique paper on gender mainstreaming in urban planning with a focus on waste management. How waste is generated in an urban area how lifestyle and attitudes within cities can affect the amount and type of waste being disposed of how the different approaches to waste management affect the environment introduction waste is unwanted material disposed of into the environment. Greater emphasis has been given to the design and operation of. Intraurban analysis of domestic solid waste disposal methods. Greater emphasis has been given to the design and operation of municipal sanitary landfills, regulations governing. Lack of legislation and policies for realistic, longterm planning 3. Landfilling methods for urban waste disposal waste. Pdf understanding of urban waste management researchgate. Gender and urban waste management maria muller and anne schienberg. In general this does not include excreta, although sometimes nappies and the faeces of young children may be mixed with solid waste. Waste management can involve solid, liquid, gaseous or radioactive substances, with different methods and fields of expertise for each. Waste disposal methods were still very crude, however.
The comparative analysis of solid waste management between rural and urban ghana is largely lacking. In developing countries, including zimbabwe, the problem of solid waste management is becoming complicated and requires longterm and sustainable programmes for its solution. Solid waste management is a challenge for large urban areas around the world. Strategies for waste reduction, separation, processing, management and recycling and reuse are feasible, lowcost alternatives to the open incineration of solid waste, which is common now in developing cities. Waste management is intended to reduce adverse effects of waste on human health, the environment or aesthetics. Waste generation, composition and management data 2006 ipcc guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories 2. Issues and challenges of solid waste management practices in portharcourt city, nigeria a behavioural perspective dr.
The city of copenhagen publishes a handbook on circularity in hotel textiles. The main methods of municipal solid waste collection from the population. Solid waste micro and small enterprises and cooperatives in latinamerica inge lardnois ed. The daily waste generated in the state of punjab is expected to rise by almost 128% by 2041. Waste management practices in new york city, hong kong and. Though the developed countries generate larger amounts of wastes, they have developed adequate facilities, competent government institutions and bureaucracies to manage their wastes. Even today the state is struggling with waste management and in the coming years the quantum of waste generated is only expected to increase, this poses a crisis to the urban local bodies.
Methods of solid waste disposal and management methods of solid waste disposal and management are as below. Waste disposal and pollution management in urban areas. Waste act of 1990, which set a goal of diverting 25% of new mexicos municipal solid waste from landfills by 1995 and 50% by july 1, 2000. The guidelines for city managers presenting the urban waste solutions to waste management in tourism finally out. Pdf waste disposal and pollution management in urban areas. Solid waste planning and disposal the asia foundation. Lecture notes solid and hazardous waste management. Comparison of solid waste management practices by income level 5 2. Proceedings of the sardinia 05, international waste management and landfill symposium, october, 2005, cisa, university of cagliari, sardinia. Environmental and health impact of solid waste disposal in. Urban population growth capacity at 2% for 20002015 and 65% by 2050. Moreover, the current and the future production of e waste, the potential environmental problems associated with their disposal and management practices are discussed whereas the existing e waste management schemes in greece and other countries japan, switzerland are also quoted. The ultimate goals of the best practices are to achieve equitable delivery of solid waste management, ensure urban cleanliness and lower negative environmental and health impacts.
A technological approach to solid waste management began to develop in the latter part of the 19th century. Agwu, mnim, mnisp department of business administration, niger delta university, wilberforce island, bayelsa state abstract the paper examined the relationship between individual background sex, age and social class. Shanghai manual a guide for sustainable urban development in the 21st. Successful approaches to recycling urban wood waste. Methodology solid waste management for sustainable. Current waste generation per capita by income level 10 6. A technological approach to solidwaste management began to develop in the latter part of the 19th century. A management system covers all aspects of waste management. Pdf lecture notes solid and hazardous waste management. This iswm allows municipalities and other similar activities to optimize local waste management and to maximize environmental and valorization benefits at the lowest economical possible cost.
Impact of solid waste on health and the environment. Urban waste management issues the conditions, issues and problems of urban waste management in the industrialized and developing worlds are different. Where incineration is unavoidable, then combustion technologies with strict emissions controls are critical. For the waste sector in south africa this means care must be given to raw material use, product design, resource efficiency, waste prevention, and minimization where avoidance is impossible. In this article i will discuss few general types of landfilling methods that are practiced for the disposal of urban solid waste. Issues and challenges of solid waste management practices in.
To introduce the reader to the solid waste management field, an overview of municipal solid waste problems, sources, collection, resource recovery, and disposal methods are presented in this paper. A relatively new waste management system approach is the integrated sustainable waste management iswm. Methods of solid waste disposal and management are as below. Urban waste urban strategies for waste management in.
Waste management is devoted to the presentation and discussion of information on solid waste generation, characterization, minimization, collection, separation, treatment and disposal, as well as manuscripts that address waste management policy, education. Solid waste management challenges in urban areas of ghana. The guidelines for city managers presenting the urbanwaste solutions to waste management in tourism finally out. Reference guide for adapting traditional waste management methods and handling practices to the handling and storage of. Pdf impact of solid waste on health and the environment.
Landfill land needs to be secured and engineered in such way so as to minimize hazardous environmental impact. Mixed method strategy integrates quantitative and qualitative research in a single project bryman, 2012, p. Comparative analysis of households solid waste management in. Data and information on waste characterization and quantification including future trends, and assessment of current solid waste management system for. It also includes our work with partners to develop new ways to convert waste into. Waste is always an issue if not alternative for the management is not implemented or classified. According to unhabitat 2006, less than 20% of urban solid waste is. Moreover, the current and the future production of ewaste, the potential environmental problems associated with their disposal and management practices are discussed whereas the existing ewaste management schemes in greece and other countries japan, switzerland are also quoted. As this study focus on how solid waste management swm practices impact on sound environmental development, the researcher decided to use a mixed method strategy. There are several water management methods available in the world, and these are being honed all the time as scientists and engineers find new ways to look after our water supplies. Waste management in urban centres of east africa has for a long time been centralised liyala 2011, with the useof imported refuse truck rotich et al. The paper attempts to understand the important role played by the formal sector engaged in waste management in our country. Solid waste management swm is a major problem for many urban local bodies ulbs in india, where urbanization, industrialization and economic growth have resulted in increased municipal solid waste msw generation per person.
The north american approach to waste management has evolved over the years from disposal in open dumps to integrated waste management. Waste management in india shifting gears 5 a note from the executive director india, which is the second most populous nation in the world, comprises 17. Solid waste management is a polite term for garbage management. Mrfs use a combination of manual and mechanical sorting options. Key application areas this documentation targets the limitations and challenges of con. Environmental and health impact of solid waste disposal in developing cities.
Trainers and beginners can use these learning materials to obtain knowledge on present practices and issues of solid waste planning and disposal in las. Urgent need for an appropriate waste management system. Garbage collected in philadelphia, for example, was simply dumped into the delaware river downstream from the city. A case study of granville brook dumpsite, freetown, sierra leone 666. This study investigated the solid waste situation and the organisation of solid waste management in both urban and rural settings from the perspective of households. Handbook of electronic waste management 1st edition. The urban waste releases a unique paper on gender mainstreaming in urban planning with a focus on waste management. Best practices and innovative approaches for sustainable waste.
In residential areas, the most common collection methods are curb or alley, setoutsetback, and backyard carry. Waste management practices are not uniform among countries developed and developing nations. Waste generation projections for 2025 by region 10 5. Waste management the aim of sustainable waste management is to reduce waste formation and to use resources more efficiently and rationally, ensuring that the waste of one sector is used as a raw material in another sector. Read this article to learn about types, sources, effects and methods of solid waste management. Urban wastes are serious in an issue which requires a very intensive innovation and technologies.
Pdf waste management practices used in the attempt to protect. The study employed crosssectional survey covering both rural and urban districts in the ashanti and greater accra regions of. In order to manage waste, the environmental protection agency epa and the solid waste act favor an integrated solid waste management strategy that includes 1 reducing the amount. Below are 5 key water management strategies that are widely used today. Treatment refers to any process that is designed to minimize the environmental impact of waste by changing the physical properties of waste or separating out and destroying toxic components of waste. Solid waste management solid waste refers here to all nonliquid wastes. Issues and challenges of solid waste management practices. Comparison of solid waste management practices by income level 5.
Reference guide for adapting traditional waste management methods and handling practices to the handling and storage of electronic waste until disposal. Solid waste management is a severe challenge in developing countries like ethiopia due to the growing mixture of waste characteristics and. Solid waste management in african cities east africa. Primary data for the study were obtained through questionnaire administered on residents in etiosa, ikeja, and mushin local government areas lgas representing the low, medium, and high densities, respectively, into which the sixteen lgas in lagos. It is estimated that the amount of solid waste per capita is around 500 kilograms per year. Landfills are used routinely for disposal of urban solid waste on a patch of identified land. The study examined the influence of socioeconomic attributes of residents on domestic solid waste disposal methods in lagos metropolis, nigeria. Solid waste management challenges in urban areas of. Since these simple landfill sites were scattered in chongqing, and could not meet the standards of environmental sanitation, chongqing has now converted to centralized disposal and has constructed standardized, modern sanitary landfills in order to improve. This work is original and could be further extended. Hence, this minimization process can be called as the cornerstone of all the waste management strategies or methods of waste management, by this the basic principle is that all the generated residues should be utilized to the maximum and only a minimal amount of waste should be generated.
1402 1462 1422 663 1221 574 692 1241 35 1229 1351 705 172 326 679 42 1467 590 1210 227 712 1423 444 1246 24 1347 1214 469 273 1028 844 1160 1311 808 636 265 940 1410 872 128